Seed cones are fully developed by August and open around September. Thuja occidentalis is monoecious that is, pollen cones and seed cones occur on the same plant. The foliage is arranged in flattened, fan-like, feathery sprays (see image below right). The scale-like leaves are opposite and decussate. The bark is fibrous and sometimes shredding (see image below left). Thuja occidentalis (northern white-cedar) is a common tree in Maine. Seed cones of Thuja are few-scaled and leathery. Coombes says Thuja is derived from a Greek name for, interestingly enough, juniper. However, the Dictionary of Plant Names by Allen J.
Juniper bush manual#
Borror and Gray’s Manual of Botany (8th edition) both claim Thuja is derived from the Latin word for some ancient evergreen(s) called tree-of-life (arborvitae), named for their medicinal properties. The Dictionary of Word Roots and Combining Forms by Donald J. There is some uncertainty as to the origin of the name. There are five species worldwide of Thuja. Though not a wild plant, “Bar Harbor juniper” is a clonal cultivar of Juniperus horizontalis that originated from Mount Desert Island and is cultivated widely for its fast growth and tolerance of salt spray. The specific epithet is derived from a Greek word meaning “horizon” or “bound”, thus Juniperus horizontalis is named for its prostrate habit. Creeping juniper can live to be over 130 years old. In New England, cones are produced in July. The adult leaves are opposite, decussate, appressed, and scale-like, turning somewhat purple in the cold months. Juniperus horizontalis (creeping juniper) is a small shrub. The specific epithet communis is Latin for “common” or “in common”. This plant was first described by Carl Linnaeus, the father of modern taxonomy, and the binomial still stands to this day. Common juniper can live to be over 160 years old. Cone development time varies but generally occurs between April and June. Juniperus communis is dioecious that is, pollen cones and seed cones occur on separate plants. Its bark is thin, dark reddish brown, and peels into papery scales. Leaves are needle-like and arranged in whorls of three (see image below right). depressa (common juniper) occurs commonly in Maine, with a shrubby habit and in a range of habitats (especially exposed rocky areas see image below left). The name Juniperus is derived from a Latin word for juniper itself. Members of this group have shreddy bark, and seeds of Juniperus are wingless. Resinous juices of this “juniper berry” have been used for flavoring gin (though some species of the genus are considered too bitter or, in certain cases, toxic and thus not appropriate to use as a spice).
A distinct feature of this genus is the berry-like blue or blue-black cone. Red font = character state unique or nearly soĬhamaecyparis thyoides (Atlantic white-cedar) - Ībout 50 species occur worldwide in the genus Juniperus. Thuja occidentalis - northern white-cedar
Juniperus horizontalis - creeping juniper Otherwise, to determine which genus your plant belongs to, refer to the table below the species list.Ĭhamaecyparis thyoides - Atlantic white cedar If you know which species you have or are interested in learning about, click on the appropriate link from the species list below. Maine is home to 5 species in 3 genera (hybrids excluded). Seed cones usually mature in their first season. Members of the Cupressaceae are monoecious or dioecious shrubs or trees. Leaves of the cypress family are evergreen and usually long-persistent.Ĭones are frequently produced in great numbers. They are entire, linear, and spreading, or they are scale-like and adnate, completely hiding the stem. Leaves are simple and arranged in opposite, decussate pairs or in whorls of 3 or 4.
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